قارن الطرق

	تصميم خطوط الأساس المتعددة البراغماتية	تصميم الخطوط الأساسية المتعددة
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1968 (original MBD); pragmatic adaptation formalized in 2000s–2010s	1968
صاحب الطريقة	Adapted from Baer, Wolf & Risley (1968); pragmatic variant developed within single-case methodology community	Donald M. Baer, Montrose M. Wolf, Todd R. Risley
النوع	Single-case experimental design variant	Single-subject experimental design
المصدر التأسيسي	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.
الأسماء البديلة	PMBD, pragmatic MBD, real-world multiple baseline design, flexible multiple baseline design	MBD, multiple-baseline single-case design, staggered baseline design, multiple-probe design
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	The Pragmatic Multiple Baseline Design is a single-case experimental design that staggers intervention introduction across multiple participants, settings, or behaviors in real-world conditions where strict experimental control is impractical. By relaxing some idealized constraints — such as perfectly stable baselines or rigid staggering timelines — it preserves the core logic of the multiple baseline while accommodating clinical, educational, or community realities. It is especially valued when withholding treatment for ethical reasons is untenable and when practitioners need evidence from naturalistic settings.	The multiple baseline design is a single-subject experimental design that demonstrates functional control by introducing an intervention at staggered time points across two or more baselines — typically across different behaviors, individuals, or settings. Because no withdrawal of treatment is required, it is especially suitable when the target behavior is irreversible or when removing an effective intervention would be unethical.