قارن الطرق

	اختبار A/B العملي	اختبار أ/ب (تجربة مضبوطة عبر الإنترنت)
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
سنة النشأة	1967 (pragmatic framing); 2007–2012 (large-scale tech A/B testing practice)	1935
صاحب الطريقة	Pragmatic trial framing: Schwartz & Lellouch (1967); A/B testing in technology: Ron Kohavi and colleagues at Microsoft (~2007–2012)	Ron Kohavi et al. (Microsoft); conceptual roots in R. A. Fisher's randomized experiments (1935)
النوع	Randomized comparative experiment	Parametric comparison (frequentist or Bayesian)
المصدر التأسيسي	Schwartz, D., & Lellouch, J. (1967). Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutical trials. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 20(8), 637–648.	Kohavi, R., Tang, D., & Xu, Y. (2020). Trustworthy Online Controlled Experiments: A Practical Guide to A/B Testing. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9781108724265
الأسماء البديلة	pragmatic split test, real-world A/B experiment, pragmatic online experiment, pragmatic controlled experiment	split test, controlled experiment, two-variant test, A/B Testi (Online Kontrollü Deney)
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	A pragmatic A/B test is a randomized comparative experiment that evaluates two alternatives — a control (A) and a treatment (B) — under real-world operating conditions rather than tightly controlled laboratory settings. Rooted in the pragmatic-versus-explanatory trial distinction introduced by Schwartz and Lellouch in 1967 and brought to large-scale practice by online experimentation teams at Microsoft, Google, and Amazon, it prioritizes decision-relevant effectiveness over internal mechanistic explanation.	An A/B test is a randomized controlled experiment that simultaneously exposes two groups of users to a control variant (A) and a treatment variant (B) in order to determine whether a measured outcome differs significantly between them. The modern online controlled experiment framework was systematized by Ron Kohavi and colleagues at Microsoft in the early 2000s, building on R. A. Fisher's classical randomization principles from 1935. It is the dominant causal inference tool in web product development, digital marketing, and experimentation platforms.