قارن الطرق

	التشفير ما بعد الكمومي (كيبر)	نظام التشفير RSA
المجال	علم التعمية	علم التعمية
العائلة	Machine learning	Machine learning
سنة النشأة	2022	1978
صاحب الطريقة	NIST PQC Standardization Project	Ronald Rivest
النوع	post-quantum key encapsulation mechanism	asymmetric encryption algorithm
المصدر التأسيسي	Avanzi, R., Bos, J., Ducas, L., & Kiltz, E. (2022). CRYSTALS-Kyber algorithm specification and supporting documentation. NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Project.	Rivest, R. L., Shamir, A., & Adleman, L. (1978). A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems. Communications of the ACM, 21(2), 120-126.
الأسماء البديلة	PQC, quantum-resistant cryptography, quantum-safe	RSA encryption, RSA public-key cryptography
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	Post-quantum cryptography comprises cryptographic algorithms believed to be secure against both classical and quantum computers. In 2022, NIST standardized post-quantum algorithms including ML-KEM (CRYSTALS-Kyber) for key encapsulation and ML-DSA (CRYSTALS-Dilithium) for signatures. Post-quantum cryptography is essential for systems requiring long-term confidentiality, as adversaries may record encrypted communications today and decrypt them once quantum computers become available.	RSA is a foundational public-key cryptosystem developed by Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman in 1978. It enables secure encryption and digital signatures by using a pair of mathematically linked keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. RSA's security relies on the computational difficulty of factoring large composite numbers into their prime factors.