قارن الطرق

	تخطيط النوم المتعدد	القياس عن بعد الصوتي	أخذ العينات بالمسح
المجال	العلوم البيطرية	العلوم البيطرية	العلوم البيطرية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1953	1960	1974
صاحب الطريقة	William Dement and Nathaniel Kleitman	Fish Tracking Pioneer Community	Jeanne Altmann
النوع	Multi-channel Recording and Analysis	Remote Monitoring Technology	Group Behavioral Sampling
المصدر التأسيسي	Rechtschaffen, A., & Kales, A. (1968). A Manual of Standardized Terminology, Techniques and Scoring System for Sleep Stages in Human Subjects. National Institutes of Health Publication.	Eiler, J. H. (2013). Acoustic telemetry. In C. R. Cooke & D. W. Philipp (Eds.), Telemetry Techniques and Technology (pp. 1-45). Springer.	Altmann, J. (1974). Observational study of behavior: sampling methods. Behaviour, 49(3-4), 227-267.
الأسماء البديلة	PSG, sleep study, overnight monitoring	acoustic tracking, telemetry monitoring, underwater tracking	instantaneous sampling, scan observation, group sampling
ذات صلة	3	3	3
الملخص	Polysomnography (PSG) is a comprehensive multi-channel physiological recording method that simultaneously records brain electrical activity, eye movements, muscle tone, respiratory effort, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and limb movements during sleep. First systematized by Rechtschaffen and Kales in 1968, polysomnography is the gold standard for diagnosing sleep disorders, characterizing sleep architecture, and assessing the quality and organization of sleep in humans and increasingly in veterinary species.	Acoustic telemetry is a remote tracking method in which small electronic transmitters attached to or implanted in animals emit unique acoustic signals detectable by underwater or terrestrial receiver networks, enabling real-time monitoring of animal movements, positions, and behavior over extended distances and times. Pioneered in fisheries research in the 1960s, acoustic telemetry is now standard for studying movement ecology, migration timing, and habitat use in aquatic and increasingly terrestrial systems.	Scan Sampling (also called instantaneous sampling) is a behavioral observation method in which an observer records the state of all group members simultaneously at regular time intervals. Introduced alongside focal animal sampling by Jeanne Altmann in 1974, scan sampling is efficient for quantifying activity budgets and group-level behavioral patterns in multiple animals without the labor of focal observation.