قارن الطرق

	اختبارات الدواء الوهمي للاستدلال السببي	تصميم الفرق في التباينات
المجال	الاستدلال السببي	الاستدلال السببي
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	2010	2016
صاحب الطريقة	Abadie, Diamond & Hainmueller (synthetic control placebos); Imbens & Lemieux (RDD validity)	Grembi, Nannicini & Troiano
النوع	Falsification / robustness test family for causal inference	Hybrid quasi-experimental causal design (RDD + DID)
المصدر التأسيسي	Abadie, A., Diamond, A., & Hainmueller, J. (2010). Synthetic Control Methods for Comparative Case Studies: Estimating the Effect of California's Tobacco Control Program. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 105(490), 493-505.	Grembi, V., Nannicini, T. & Troiano, U. (2016). Do Fiscal Rules Matter? A Difference-in-Discontinuities Design. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 8(3), 1-30.
الأسماء البديلة	falsification tests, placebo checks, refutation tests, Plasebo Testleri — Nedensel Çıkarım Doğrulama	diff-in-disc, DiD-RDD, Süreksizliklerde Fark (Difference-in-Discontinuities)
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Placebo tests are a family of falsification checks that probe the credibility of a causal claim by re-running the analysis on a fake treatment, a false intervention date, or an outcome that should not have been affected. The approach was popularised through the synthetic control work of Abadie, Diamond and Hainmueller (2010) and the regression-discontinuity validity checks of Imbens and Lemieux (2008).	Difference-in-Discontinuities is a hybrid quasi-experimental design that fuses regression discontinuity (RDD) with difference-in-differences (DID), introduced by Grembi, Nannicini and Troiano (2016). It compares the discontinuity at the same cutoff value across two periods to isolate a causal effect.