قارن الطرق

	منهجية اختبار الاختراق	تقييم الثغرات الأمنية
المجال	علم التعمية	علم التعمية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2008	2002
صاحب الطريقة	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), OWASP	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
النوع	Authorized security exploit and assessment	Vulnerability identification and prioritization
المصدر التأسيسي	National Institute of Standards and Technology (2008). Penetration Testing and Security Testing. NIST Special Publication 800-115.	National Institute of Standards and Technology (2012). Guide for Conducting Security Patch Management Activities. NIST Special Publication 800-40 Revision 3.
الأسماء البديلة	Pen Testing, Ethical Hacking, Security Testing	Vulnerability Scanning, Security Assessment, Risk Assessment
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Penetration testing is an authorized, controlled simulated attack on systems, networks, and applications to evaluate their security defenses. Unlike vulnerability assessment (which identifies weaknesses), penetration testing actively exploits vulnerabilities to demonstrate real-world impact, confirm exploitability, and assess an organization's incident response capabilities.	Vulnerability assessment is a systematic process of identifying, quantifying, and prioritizing security weaknesses in systems, networks, and applications. Using automated scanning tools and manual techniques, organizations discover unpatched software, misconfigurations, weak cryptographic practices, and other exposures that attackers could exploit.