قارن الطرق

	السرقة الأدبية بالصياغة	الانتحال الحرفي
المجال	أخلاقيات البحث	أخلاقيات البحث
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1980s	1950s
صاحب الطريقة	Academic integrity framework (modern definition)	Academic integrity framework (modern definition)
النوع	Concept	Concept
المصدر التأسيسي	Roig, M. (2015). Avoiding plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other questionable writing practices: A guide to ethical writing. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Research Integrity.	Council of Canadian Academies (2019). The state of science and technology in Canada. Ottawa: Council of Canadian Academies.
الأسماء البديلة	insufficient paraphrase, close paraphrase, lazy paraphrasing	direct plagiarism, copy-and-paste plagiarism, literal copying
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Paraphrasing plagiarism occurs when an author rewrites another's ideas in different words but does not cite the source. Unlike verbatim plagiarism (copying word-for-word), paraphrasing plagiarism involves changing vocabulary and sentence structure while retaining the original argument, logic, or conceptual content without attribution. It is harder to detect than direct copying but is still a clear violation of academic integrity.	Verbatim plagiarism is the most straightforward and recognizable form of academic misconduct: copying text word-for-word from a source without quotation marks, citation, or attribution. It is the most easily detected form of plagiarism and carries severe institutional and career consequences.