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| نموذج الخطأ المكاني للبيانات المقطعية (Panel Spatial Error Model)× | نموذج الخطأ المكاني (SEM)× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | التحليل المكاني | التحليل المكاني |
| العائلة | Regression model | Regression model |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1988 / 2003 | 1988 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Anselin (1988); extended to panels by Elhorst (2003, 2014) | Anselin |
| النوع≠ | Spatial econometric panel model | Spatial regression (spatially autocorrelated errors) |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Elhorst, J. P. (2014). Spatial Econometrics: From Cross-Sectional Data to Spatial Panels. Springer. ISBN: 978-3642403408 | Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic. DOI ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة | panel SEM, spatial error panel model, panel spatial autocorrelation error model, SEM panel | SEM, spatial error regression, spatial autoregressive error model, Uzamsal Hata Modeli (SEM / Spatial Error) |
| ذات صلة | 5 | 5 |
| الملخص≠ | The Panel Spatial Error Model (panel SEM) extends the classical spatial error model to panel data, allowing spatial dependence to enter through the error term across cross-sectional units over multiple time periods. It accounts for spatially correlated omitted variables without imposing a substantive spatial spillover in the outcome itself. | The Spatial Error Model, developed within Anselin's spatial econometrics framework (1988), is a regression model that assumes spatial dependence enters through the error term: the disturbances of neighbouring units are correlated. It is used when unobserved shared factors make the errors of nearby observations move together, and it is estimated by maximum likelihood or GMM rather than ordinary least squares. |
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