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| مؤشرات الارتباط المكاني المحلية للبيانات المقطعية (Panel LISA)× | مؤشر موران المحلي I (LISA)× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | التحليل المكاني | التحليل المكاني |
| العائلة | Regression model | Regression model |
| سنة النشأة≠ | 1995 (LISA); panel extension 2000s–2010s | 1995 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Anselin (1995), panel extension developed through spatial econometrics literature | Luc Anselin |
| النوع | Local spatial autocorrelation statistic | Local spatial autocorrelation statistic |
| المصدر التأسيسي≠ | Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association — LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115. DOI ↗ | Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association—LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115. DOI ↗ |
| الأسماء البديلة | Panel LISA, spatiotemporal LISA, panel local spatial autocorrelation, LISA panel extension | Local Indicator of Spatial Association, LISA statistic, Anselin Local Moran, local spatial autocorrelation index |
| ذات صلة≠ | 4 | 6 |
| الملخص≠ | Panel Local Indicators of Spatial Association extends Anselin's LISA statistics — most commonly Local Moran's I — to panel datasets, identifying spatial clusters and outliers at each location across multiple time periods. By applying local autocorrelation measures repeatedly over time, researchers can detect whether spatial concentration patterns emerge, persist, or dissolve, giving a richer spatiotemporal picture than a single cross-section allows. | Local Moran's I, introduced by Luc Anselin in 1995, is a Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) that decomposes global spatial autocorrelation into location-specific contributions. For every observation it produces a signed statistic and a significance value, enabling researchers to identify spatial clusters (high-high, low-low) and spatial outliers (high-low, low-high) on a map. |
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