قارن الطرق

	دراسة الحدث اللوحية	نموذج التأثيرات الثابتة لبيانات السلاسل الزمنية المقطعية
المجال	الاستدلال السببي	الاقتصاد القياسي
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1990s–2020s (modern panel formulation)	2014
صاحب الطريقة	Formalized by Freyaldenhoven, Hansen, Perez-Orive & Shapiro (2021); widely applied in finance (Fama et al. 1969) and policy evaluation	Hsiao (textbook treatment); within transformation of panel data
النوع	Quasi-experimental / causal panel design	Panel data regression
المصدر التأسيسي	Freyaldenhoven, S., Hansen, C., Perez-Orive, J., & Shapiro, J. M. (2021). Visualization, Identification, and Estimation in the Linear Panel Event-Study Design. NBER Working Paper 29170. National Bureau of Economic Research.	Hsiao, C. (2014). Analysis of Panel Data (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
الأسماء البديلة	event-study regression, dynamic DiD, relative-time regression, distributed-lag panel model	fixed effects model, within estimator, panel fixed-effects regression, Panel Veri — Sabit Etkiler Modeli
ذات صلة	4	5
الملخص	A panel event study estimates the dynamic causal effect of a treatment or policy by regressing an outcome on a full set of relative-time indicators — one for each period before and after the event — while controlling for unit and time fixed effects. The resulting coefficient plot shows how the treated units diverged from untreated units at each point in calendar time relative to their treatment date, making both pre-treatment trend violations and post-treatment effect trajectories immediately visible.	The Panel Data Fixed Effects model estimates relationships from panel data (the same units observed over several time periods) while controlling for unit- and/or time-specific effects, supporting causal inference. It is developed as the within estimator in standard treatments such as Hsiao's Analysis of Panel Data (2014).