قارن الطرق

	تقييم جودة حياة المريض بسبب الإمساك	مقياس جودة الحياة المتعلقة بالصحة لمرض الارتجاع المعدي المريئي	معايير روما الرابعة التشخيصية لمتلازمة القولون العصبي	استبيان مرض الأمعاء الالتهابي المختصر
المجال	أمراض الجهاز الهضمي	أمراض الجهاز الهضمي	أمراض الجهاز الهضمي	أمراض الجهاز الهضمي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2005	1996	2016	2004
صاحب الطريقة	Marquis, P., De La Loge, C., Dubois, D., et al.	Velanovich, V., Zhang, Y., Hollis, J. B., et al.	Rome Foundation (multinational expert consensus)	Guyonnet, D., Chassany, O., Ducroc, R., et al.
النوع	Self-report	Self-report	Diagnostic Criteria	Self-report
المصدر التأسيسي	Marquis, P., De La Loge, C., Dubois, D., McDermott, A., & Chassany, O. (2005). Development and validation of the Patient Assessment of Constipation-Quality of Life questionnaire. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 40(5), 540–551.	Velanovich, V., Zhang, Y., Hollis, J. B., Feldman, M. I., Sampliner, R., Guan, W., & Escamilla, C. (1996). Presenting symptoms and outcome measures in reflux esophagitis. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 41(10), 1865–1873.	Mearin, F., Lacy, B. E., Chang, L., et al. (2016). Bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. Published online June 2016 by the Rome Foundation.	Guyonnet, D., Chassany, O., Ducroc, R., Picard, C., Mouret, M., D'Haens, G., & Svartz, H. (2004). Effect of fermented milk containing Bifidobacterium animalis DN-173 010 on the health-related quality of life and symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome in adults in France: A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 20(4), 459–465.
الأسماء البديلة	PAC-QoL, PAC-Q	GERD-HRQL, GERD-HRQoL	Rome IV IBS, Rome Criteria	IBDQ-32, Short IBDQ
ذات صلة	4	4	4	4
الملخص	The Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QoL) is a validated, patient-reported outcome measure designed to assess the impact of functional constipation on physical, psychological, and social well-being. Developed by Marquis and colleagues in 2005, the PAC-QoL comprises 28 items organized into four domains: Physical Discomfort, Psychosocial Discomfort, Worries and Concerns, and Satisfaction. The PAC-QoL is responsive to treatment and widely used in constipation clinical trials and practice.	The GERD Health-Related Quality of Life Scale (GERD-HRQL) is a concise, validated patient-reported outcome measure for assessing the symptomatic and functional impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Developed by Velanovich and colleagues in 1996, the 9-item GERD-HRQL measures heartburn frequency and severity, regurgitation, and impact on sleep and medication use. The scale is highly responsive to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy and is widely used in GERD trials and clinical practice.	The Rome IV criteria are the internationally accepted diagnostic standard for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), published in 2016 by the Rome Foundation. These criteria define IBS as recurrent abdominal pain (≥1 day per week for ≥3 months) associated with altered bowel habits, without structural or biochemical abnormalities. IBS is subtyped into four patterns—IBS-constipation predominant (IBS-C), IBS-diarrhea predominant (IBS-D), IBS-mixed (IBS-M), and IBS-unclassified (IBS-U)—based on stool consistency patterns.	The Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-32) is a validated patient-reported outcome measure designed to assess the impact of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)—both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease—on health-related quality of life. Derived from the original 32-item IBDQ, this instrument comprises four domains: Bowel Symptoms, Systemic Symptoms, Social Function, and Emotional Function. The IBDQ-32 is responsive to treatment and is increasingly used in IBD clinical trials and practice.