قارن الطرق

	أوميغا ماكدونالد للبيانات الترتيبية	نظرية الاستجابة للمفردة (IRT)
المجال	القياس النفسي	القياس النفسي
العائلة	Latent structure	Latent structure
سنة النشأة	2007	1952–1968
صاحب الطريقة	Bruno D. Zumbo, Anne M. Gadermann, and Cornelia Zeisser (building on McDonald's 1999 omega framework)	Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models)
النوع	Reliability coefficient	Probabilistic measurement model
المصدر التأسيسي	Zumbo, B. D., Gadermann, A. M., & Zeisser, C. (2007). Ordinal versions of coefficients alpha and theta as measures of internal consistency for Likert rating scales. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 6(1), 21–29.	Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley.
الأسماء البديلة	omega ordinal, ordinal omega, polychoric omega, omega for ordinal data	IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory
ذات صلة	3	5
الملخص	Ordinal McDonald's omega is a reliability coefficient designed for Likert-type and other ordinal rating scales. Unlike Cronbach's alpha, it bases its calculation on polychoric correlations among items — capturing the true latent relationships between ordinal responses — and uses factor-analytic loadings to estimate how much of the composite score variance is attributable to a common factor.	Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons.