قارن الطرق

	خرائط الضوضاء	تصميم البنية التحتية الخضراء
المجال	الهندسة البيئية	الهندسة البيئية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1999	2000
صاحب الطريقة	World Health Organization and ISO	Urban planners and landscape architects
النوع	spatial assessment and modeling pipeline	integrated design and planning pipeline
المصدر التأسيسي	International Organization for Standardization. (2008). ISO 13442:2008 Acoustics - Description, Measurement and Assessment of Environmental Noise in Relation to Human Exposure and Health.	Freeman, R. C. (2005). Green Infrastructure: Intelligent Landscapes for the Twenty-First Century. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0415772662
الأسماء البديلة	noise assessment, acoustic mapping, sound level modeling, environmental noise	GI design, natural infrastructure, nature-based solutions, ecosystem-based adaptation
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Noise mapping is an environmental assessment methodology that quantifies and visualizes sound levels spatially across a study area, enabling identification of noise-exposed populations, compliance with regulatory standards, and design of mitigation measures. Standardized by the European Directive 2002/49/EC and ISO 13442, noise mapping combines acoustic measurements, traffic/industrial source modeling, and geographic information systems (GIS) to create contour maps of sound exposure and associated health impacts.	Green infrastructure (GI) design is the planning and implementation of natural or nature-based systems (vegetation, soils, water bodies) integrated into urban environments to provide multiple ecosystem services: stormwater management, air quality improvement, heat island mitigation, biodiversity habitat, recreation, and social well-being. Emerged in the 2000s as a sustainability paradigm, green infrastructure combines landscape design, hydrology, ecology, and urban planning to create multifunctional spaces that serve practical and aesthetic goals.