قارن الطرق

	خرائط الضوضاء	تقييم الأثر البيئي
المجال	الهندسة البيئية	الهندسة البيئية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1999	1970
صاحب الطريقة	World Health Organization and ISO	U.S. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
النوع	spatial assessment and modeling pipeline	systematic assessment and decision-support pipeline
المصدر التأسيسي	International Organization for Standardization. (2008). ISO 13442:2008 Acoustics - Description, Measurement and Assessment of Environmental Noise in Relation to Human Exposure and Health.	Glasson, J., Therivel, R., & Chadwick, A. (2005). Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment (3rd ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-0415303910
الأسماء البديلة	noise assessment, acoustic mapping, sound level modeling, environmental noise	EIA, impact assessment, environmental screening, cumulative effects assessment
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	Noise mapping is an environmental assessment methodology that quantifies and visualizes sound levels spatially across a study area, enabling identification of noise-exposed populations, compliance with regulatory standards, and design of mitigation measures. Standardized by the European Directive 2002/49/EC and ISO 13442, noise mapping combines acoustic measurements, traffic/industrial source modeling, and geographic information systems (GIS) to create contour maps of sound exposure and associated health impacts.	Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic, structured process to identify, predict, and evaluate the environmental and social consequences of proposed development projects (infrastructure, extraction, manufacturing) before implementation. Mandated by law in most jurisdictions since the 1970s (NEPA in USA, EU Directive 2011/92/EU), EIA integrates scientific analysis of air quality, water resources, biodiversity, noise, and socioeconomic effects with stakeholder consultation and decision-making frameworks to inform project approval, design modification, or rejection.