قارن الطرق

	أخذ العينات متعدد المراحل	العينات الطبقية
المجال	منهجية المسح	منهجية المسح
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1950s–1960s (formalized in Kish 1965 and Cochran 1977)	1977
صاحب الطريقة	Leslie Kish; William G. Cochran	William G. Cochran
النوع	Probability sampling design	Probability-based survey sampling design
المصدر التأسيسي	Kish, L. (1965). Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471109495	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7
الأسماء البديلة	multistage cluster sampling, multi-stage sampling, nested sampling, hierarchical sampling	Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme
ذات صلة	5	2
الملخص	Multistage sampling is a probability-based design that selects a sample by working through two or more successive levels of a population hierarchy — for example, first selecting regions, then districts within those regions, then households within those districts. It makes large-scale surveys practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when the population is geographically dispersed, by concentrating fieldwork within a manageable number of sampled units at each stage.	Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics.