قارن الطرق

	القياس متعدد الأبعاد (MDS)	تحليل التراسل
المجال	الإحصاء	الإحصاء
العائلة	Latent structure	Latent structure
سنة النشأة	1952–1964	1984
صاحب الطريقة	Warren S. Torgerson (metric MDS, 1952); Joseph B. Kruskal (non-metric MDS, 1964)	Jean-Paul Benzécri; Michael Greenacre
النوع	Dimensionality reduction / visualization	Exploratory multivariate technique for categorical data
المصدر التأسيسي	Kruskal, J. B. (1964). Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29(1), 1–27.	Greenacre, M. J. (1984). Theory and Applications of Correspondence Analysis. Academic Press. ISBN: 978-0-12-299050-2
الأسماء البديلة	MDS, metric MDS, non-metric MDS, proximity scaling	CA, Simple Correspondence Analysis, Reciprocal Averaging, Karşılıklı Uyum Analizi
ذات صلة	5	2
الملخص	Multidimensional scaling maps objects described only by pairwise similarities or dissimilarities into a low-dimensional geometric space so that distances in that space reflect the original proximity structure as faithfully as possible. It is widely used to visualize the hidden structure of psychological, social, and behavioral data.	Correspondence Analysis (CA) is an exploratory multivariate technique for visualizing the association structure of a two-way contingency table. Developed systematically by Jean-Paul Benzécri in France during the 1960s–1970s and brought to an English-language audience by Michael Greenacre in 1984, CA decomposes the chi-square statistic of a cross-tabulation to produce a low-dimensional joint display — called a biplot — in which rows and columns are represented as points whose proximities reflect their associations.