قارن الطرق

	المتعدد الأذرع (UCB، أخذ عينات طومسون)	تصميم التجربة السريرية التكيفي
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سنة النشأة	1952	1994
صاحب الطريقة	Robbins (1952); UCB1 by Auer et al. (2002); Thompson sampling by Thompson (1933)	Bauer & Köhne
النوع	Sequential decision / bandit algorithm	Adaptive hypothesis test with interim analyses
المصدر التأسيسي	Auer, P., Cesa-Bianchi, N., & Fischer, P. (2002). Finite-Time Analysis of the Multiarmed Bandit Problem. Machine Learning, 47(2–3), 235–256.	Bauer, P. & Köhne, K. (1994). Evaluation of Experiments with Adaptive Interim Analyses. Biometrics, 50(4), 1029–1041.
الأسماء البديلة	MAB, bandit algorithm, UCB1, Thompson sampling	adaptive design, group sequential design, sample size re-estimation, platform trial
ذات صلة	4	3
الملخص	The multi-armed bandit (MAB) is an adaptive experimental framework that allocates trials sequentially across competing arms to minimise cumulative regret while simultaneously learning which arm performs best. Formalised by Robbins in 1952 and given finite-time guarantees by Auer et al. (2002), it balances exploration of uncertain options against exploitation of currently known best options — outperforming classical A/B testing whenever early stopping or cost-sensitive allocation matters.	Adaptive clinical trial design is a flexible experimental framework, formalised by Bauer and Köhne in 1994, in which pre-specified rules allow the trial to be modified mid-course — adjusting sample size, treatment arms, or randomisation ratios — based on accumulating interim data while rigorously controlling the Type I error rate.