قارن الطرق

	نموذج اللوجيت المختلط	نماذج التفاعل المكاني (الجاذبية)
المجال	الاقتصاد القياسي	التحليل المكاني
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	2000	1971
صاحب الطريقة	Daniel McFadden & Kenneth Train	Alan Wilson (entropy-maximizing family)
النوع	Random-parameters discrete choice model	Model of flows between spatial origins and destinations
المصدر التأسيسي	Train, K. E. (2009). Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-74738-7	Wilson, A. G. (1971). A family of spatial interaction models, and associated developments. Environment and Planning A, 3(1), 1–32.
الأسماء البديلة	Random Parameters Logit, Mixed Multinomial Logit, Error Components Logit, Karma Logit Modeli	gravity model, spatial interaction model, competing destinations model, mekânsal etkileşim modeli
ذات صلة	3	4
الملخص	The Mixed Logit model, introduced formally by McFadden and Train (2000) and elaborated in Train (2009), is a flexible discrete choice framework that allows preference parameters to vary randomly across decision-makers. By integrating standard logit probabilities over a mixing distribution of coefficients, it overcomes the restrictive independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) property and accommodates unobserved taste heterogeneity, panel data correlation, and complex substitution patterns across alternatives.	Spatial interaction models predict the volume of flows — migrants, commuters, shoppers, trade, trips — between origins and destinations as a function of the size of each place and the distance or cost separating them. By analogy to Newton's gravity, interaction rises with the 'mass' of origin and destination and falls with separation, and Wilson's 1971 entropy-maximizing family put these models on a rigorous footing for transport, migration, and retail analysis.