قارن الطرق

	تهوية المناجم	معيار هوك-براون للانهيار	خوارزمية ليرش-غروسمان	تحسين تخطيط الفراغات المنجمية
المجال	هندسة التعدين	هندسة التعدين	هندسة التعدين	هندسة التعدين
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1880	1980	1965	1960
صاحب الطريقة	Mining Engineering Practice	Evert Hoek and E. T. Brown	Helmut Lerchs and Israel Grossmann	Mining Engineering Practice
النوع	System design for safe air quality and worker cooling in underground mines	Empirical criterion for rock mass strength prediction	Graph-theoretic algorithm for pit limit optimization	Optimization framework for underground mine excavation design
المصدر التأسيسي	Hartman, H. L., Mutmansky, J. M., Ramani, R. V., & Wang, Y. J. (2012). Mine ventilation and ambient air quality. Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, Inc.	Hoek, E., & Brown, E. T. (2002). The Hoek-Brown failure criterion and GSI: 2018 update. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 10(2), 445-463.	Lerchs, H., & Grossmann, I. F. (1965). Optimum design of open-pit mines. Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Bulletin, 58(633), 47-54.	Brady, B. H. G., & Brown, E. T. (2004). Rock mechanics for underground mining. Springer Science+Business Media.
الأسماء البديلة	Underground Mine Ventilation, Air Flow Design, Mine Haulage Ventilation	Generalized Hoek-Brown Criterion, HB Criterion	Lerchs-Grossmann Method, LG Algorithm	Stope Design, Underground Mine Layout, Panel Design
ذات صلة	3	3	4	3
الملخص	Mine ventilation is the design and operation of systems that deliver fresh air to underground mining areas and remove contaminated air, heat, and hazardous gases. It is critical for worker safety and productivity, maintaining breathable air (sufficient oxygen, low dust and gas concentrations) and acceptable temperatures. Proper ventilation design requires calculating heat loads from mining operations, determining required air volumes, and designing shaft/drift geometry to deliver adequate flow.	The Hoek-Brown Criterion, developed by Evert Hoek and E. T. Brown starting in 1980, is an empirical failure criterion that predicts the shear strength of rock masses as a function of confining pressure. It accounts for rock quality (via the Geological Strength Index, GSI) and thus bridges laboratory rock mechanics and field behavior. The criterion is widely used in mining for slope stability, pillar design, and stress analysis.	The Lerchs-Grossmann Algorithm is a graph-theoretic method for determining the ultimate pit limit in open-pit mining operations. Introduced by Helmut Lerchs and Israel Grossmann in 1965, it maximizes the net present value of extracted ore while respecting slope stability constraints. This algorithm forms the theoretical foundation for most modern pit optimization software.	Stope layout optimization is the process of designing the size, shape, and spatial arrangement of underground mine excavations (stopes) to maximize ore recovery while maintaining safety and economic viability. It balances the desire for large extraction volumes against rock mechanics constraints and support costs. The layout determines mining productivity, capital investment in support systems, and long-term mine life.