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| تجربة سريرية مطابقة من المرحلة الثالثة× | دراسة الأتراب المتطابقة (Matched Cohort Study)× | |
|---|---|---|
| المجال | علم الأوبئة | علم الأوبئة |
| العائلة | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سنة النشأة≠ | Mid-20th century (matching in RCTs formalized ~1950s–1970s) | Mid-20th century; propensity-score variant 1983 |
| صاحب الطريقة≠ | Fisher, R. A. (matching principles); adapted into confirmatory trial design over mid-20th century | Established practice; propensity-score matching formalized by Rosenbaum & Rubin (1983) |
| النوع≠ | Controlled confirmatory clinical trial with matching | Observational analytic study design |
| المصدر التأسيسي | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 |
| الأسماء البديلة | matched controlled Phase III trial, Phase III matched-pair trial, matched confirmatory trial, matched late-phase RCT | matched follow-up study, paired cohort study, propensity-matched cohort, matched prospective study |
| ذات صلة | 5 | 5 |
| الملخص≠ | A matched Phase III clinical trial is a confirmatory, late-stage controlled study in which each participant assigned to the experimental treatment is paired with one or more controls who share key prognostic characteristics — such as age, disease stage, or comorbidities — before treatment allocation. By ensuring baseline comparability at the level of matched pairs, the design reduces confounding and improves statistical efficiency in settings where simple randomization alone may produce imbalanced groups or where full randomization is logistically or ethically constrained. | A matched cohort study is an observational design in which each exposed participant is paired with one or more unexposed counterparts who share key characteristics — such as age, sex, or comorbidity status — before both groups are followed forward in time to compare incident outcomes. Matching controls for measured confounders at the design stage, reducing bias that would otherwise require statistical adjustment alone. |
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