قارن الطرق

	Agricultural Market Integration Analysis	Agrifood Value Chain Analysis
المجال	Food Agriculture Studies	Food Agriculture Studies
العائلة	Regression model	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1986	2001
صاحب الطريقة	Martin Ravallion	Raphael Kaplinsky & Mike Morris
النوع	Spatial price cointegration and transmission model	Field-based value-chain mapping and analysis pipeline
المصدر التأسيسي	Ravallion, M. (1986). Testing Market Integration. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 68(1), 102-109.	Kaplinsky, R., & Morris, M. (2001). A Handbook for Value Chain Research. Prepared for the International Development Research Centre (IDRC). Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex.
الأسماء البديلة	Spatial Market Integration Analysis, Price Transmission Analysis, Cointegration of Food Prices, Ravallion Market Integration Test	Agricultural Value Chain Analysis, Food Value Chain Mapping, Commodity Chain Analysis (Agrifood), Value Chain Governance Analysis
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Agricultural market integration analysis asks whether prices for the same commodity in geographically separated markets move together — and how quickly and symmetrically a price change in one market is transmitted to another. Martin Ravallion's 1986 article 'Testing Market Integration', using Bangladesh rice prices, set the template: spatial price relationships are dynamic, so integration must be tested in a model that distinguishes short-run from long-run co-movement. The modern toolkit formalises this with cointegration and error-correction methods — long-run integration means prices share a common stochastic trend, while the error-correction term measures how fast deviations from the long-run relationship are arbitraged away. Barrett and Li later sharpened the conceptual distinction between mere price equilibrium and genuine tradability-based integration.	Agrifood value chain analysis traces a food product through the full sequence of value-adding activities — from input supply and farming through processing, trade, and retail to the final consumer — and asks how value, costs, and power are distributed along that chain and where smallholders and processors can capture more. The method follows Kaplinsky and Morris's influential Handbook for Value Chain Research, which provides the practical apparatus for mapping a chain, quantifying flows and margins, and analysing governance and upgrading. Gereffi, Humphrey, and Sturgeon's theory of global value chain governance supplies the lens for understanding who coordinates the chain and how that coordination shapes the prospects for upgrading.