قارن الطرق

	أخذ العينات التجريبية المتنقلة الطولية	مسح طولي
المجال	منهجية المسح	منهجية المسح
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1983 (ESM origins); 2000s onward (mobile longitudinal variants)	1940s (panel survey tradition); longitudinal designs codified mid-20th century
صاحب الطريقة	Csikszentmihalyi & Larson (ESM, 1983); Shiffman, Stone & Hufford (EMA, 2008); extended to longitudinal mobile designs by Hamaker and colleagues	Established tradition; formalized in social science by Paul Lazarsfeld and colleagues (1940s panel studies)
النوع	Longitudinal intensive data collection technique	Quantitative / mixed-methods survey design
المصدر التأسيسي	Shiffman, S., Stone, A. A., & Hufford, M. R. (2008). Ecological momentary assessment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 4, 1–32.	Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922292
الأسماء البديلة	Longitudinal ESM, Longitudinal EMA, Longitudinal Ecological Momentary Assessment, Long-term mESM	panel survey, repeated-measures survey, longitudinal panel study, wave survey
ذات صلة	4	3
الملخص	Longitudinal Mobile Experience Sampling combines the real-time, in-context signal capture of Experience Sampling Method (ESM) with a longitudinal design spanning weeks, months, or longer. Participants respond to repeated prompts delivered to their smartphones across multiple time waves, enabling researchers to observe within-person change, stability, and dynamic processes as they unfold in daily life rather than in retrospective recall.	A longitudinal survey collects structured questionnaire data from the same individuals or units at two or more distinct points in time. By tracking the same respondents across waves, researchers can distinguish genuine change from stable individual differences, establish temporal ordering between variables, and model trajectories of attitudes, behaviors, or outcomes in ways that a single cross-sectional snapshot cannot support.