قارن الطرق

	الاستبدال المعجمي	الكشف عن إعادة الصياغة
المجال	تنقيب النصوص	تنقيب النصوص
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	2007	—
صاحب الطريقة	McCarthy & Navigli (SemEval shared task, 2007/2009)	—
النوع	NLP lexical-level text transformation	NLP sentence-pair classification task
المصدر التأسيسي	McCarthy, D. & Navigli, R. (2009). The English Lexical Substitution Task. Language Resources and Evaluation, 43(2), 139-159.	Dolan, W. B. & Brockett, C. (2005). Automatically Constructing a Corpus of Sentential Paraphrases. Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Paraphrasing (IWP).
الأسماء البديلة	sözcüksel ikame, Sözcüksel İkame (Lexical Substitution), context-aware synonym replacement, word-level paraphrasing	Parafroz Tespiti (Paraphrase Detection), paraphrase identification, semantic equivalence detection
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Lexical substitution is a natural-language-processing task — formalised by McCarthy and Navigli through the SemEval shared task series starting in 2007 — that replaces a target word in a sentence with a semantically equivalent alternative that preserves the meaning of the surrounding context. It draws on synonym resources such as WordNet or on distributional word embeddings and masked language models to generate and rank candidate replacements, and is used for text robustness testing, style adaptation, and training-data augmentation.	Paraphrase detection is a natural-language-processing task that decides whether two sentences expressed in different wordings carry the same meaning. The task and its benchmark resources were established by Dolan and Brockett (2005), and it underpins plagiarism detection, question matching, and data deduplication.