قارن الطرق

	المسافة الكينماتيكية	مصفوفة توقيت النجوم النابضة
المجال	علم الفلك	علم الفلك
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1957	1979
صاحب الطريقة	Bert Westerhout	Stephen Detweiler
النوع	Kinematic measurement method	Observational timing method
المصدر التأسيسي	Reid, M. J., et al. (2014). Trigonometric parallaxes of high mass star forming regions: the structure and kinematics of the Milky Way. Astrophysical Journal, 783(2), 130.	Sazhin, M. V. (1978). Opportunities for detecting ultralong gravitational waves. Soviet Astronomy, 22, 36-38.
الأسماء البديلة	Galactic Kinematic Distances, Rotation-Curve Distance, Kinematic Parallax	PTA, Millisecond Pulsar Timing, Pulsar Timing Residuals
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Kinematic distance is a method for estimating distances to objects in the Milky Way using their observed radial velocities and the known rotation curve of the Galaxy. Developed in the 1950s by Bert Westerhout and others, this technique enables distance determination to distant molecular clouds and masers without trigonometric parallax or individual object luminosities.	A pulsar timing array uses multiple millisecond pulsars as a distributed network of gravitational wave detectors across the galaxy. Proposed theoretically by Stephen Detweiler in 1979, this method exploits the extraordinary timing precision of pulsars to detect the subtle spacetime distortions caused by gravitational waves. In 2023, the first evidence for a stochastic background of gravitational waves was announced using pulsar timing arrays.