قارن الطرق

	تقدير كابلان-ماير	نموذج كوكس للمخاطر النسبية	اختبار لوغاريتم الرتب للمقارنة بين منحنيات البقاء
المجال	الإحصاء	علم الأوبئة	تحليل البقاء
العائلة	Survival analysis	Process / pipeline	Survival analysis
سنة النشأة	1958	1972	1966
صاحب الطريقة	Edward L. Kaplan and Paul Meier	Sir David Roxbee Cox	Mantel, N.
النوع	Nonparametric estimator	Semi-parametric regression model	Non-parametric hypothesis test
المصدر التأسيسي	Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457–481.	Cox, D. R. (1972). Regression models and life-tables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 34(2), 187–202.	Mantel, N. (1966). Evaluation of Survival Data and Two New Rank Order Statistics Arising in Its Consideration. Cancer Chemotherapy Reports, 50(3), 163–170.
الأسماء البديلة	KM estimator, product-limit estimator, Kaplan-Meier curve, survival curve estimator	Cox regression, Cox PH model, proportional hazards model, CPH	Mantel log-rank test, Mantel-Cox test, log-rank sağkalım testi, Log-Rank Testi
ذات صلة	2	5	2
الملخص	The Kaplan-Meier estimator is a nonparametric method for estimating the survival function S(t) — the probability that an individual survives beyond time t — from data that include censored observations. Introduced by Edward L. Kaplan and Paul Meier in their landmark 1958 JASA paper, it is the standard first step in any survival analysis and is among the most-cited statistical methods in biomedical research.	The Cox proportional hazards model is a semi-parametric regression method that estimates the effect of one or more covariates on the hazard — the instantaneous rate of an event such as death, relapse, or failure — while making no assumption about the shape of the baseline hazard function. Introduced by David Cox in 1972, it is the dominant tool for multivariable survival analysis in clinical and epidemiological research.	The log-rank test, developed by Nathan Mantel in 1966, is a non-parametric hypothesis test that compares the overall survival experience of two or more groups throughout the entire follow-up period. It is the standard companion to Kaplan-Meier curves and determines whether observed differences between curves are statistically meaningful.