قارن الطرق

	دراسة الحالة التفسيرية	الإثنوغرافيا	النظرية المجذرة	الظاهراتية التأويلية	الاستقصاء السردي
المجال	نوعي	نوعي	البحث النوعي	نوعي	البحث النوعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1978–1995 (Stake's foundational works)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)	1967	Philosophical roots 1927 (Heidegger); systematic research method from 1980s–1990s	2000
صاحب الطريقة	Robert E. Stake; extended by Bent Flyvbjerg	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss	Martin Heidegger (philosophical foundation); Max van Manen (methodological application)	D. Jean Clandinin and F. Michael Connelly
النوع	Qualitative research design	Qualitative fieldwork tradition	Method	Qualitative research method	Method
المصدر التأسيسي	Stake, R. E. (1995). The Art of Case Study Research. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803957671	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.	van Manen, M. (1990). Researching Lived Experience: Human Science for an Action Sensitive Pedagogy. State University of New York Press. ISBN: 978-0791404645	Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Jossey-Bass.
الأسماء البديلة	intrinsic case study, constructivist case study, qualitative case study, naturalistic case study	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research	GT, Grounded Theory Approach	Heideggerian phenomenology, interpretive phenomenology, hermeneutic inquiry, van Manen phenomenology	Narrative Analysis, Narrative Research, Life Story Method
ذات صلة	6	5	3	6	3
الملخص	Interpretive case study is a qualitative research design in which the researcher selects a bounded real-world case — a person, program, event, organization, or community — and seeks to understand it from the inside, through the meanings participants themselves construct. Unlike explanatory or descriptive case study, the interpretive variant foregrounds the researcher's active role in making sense of complex, context-laden data rather than testing hypotheses or cataloguing facts.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.	Hermeneutic phenomenology is a qualitative research approach that investigates the interpreted meaning of lived experience from within the existential conditions that shape it. Rooted in Heidegger's ontology and developed as an empirical method by Max van Manen, it does not seek to bracket or suspend the researcher's understanding but instead treats that understanding as the very medium through which the meaning of experience can be disclosed. The approach is widely used in education, nursing, and social sciences to explore how people dwell in, and make sense of, their world.	Narrative inquiry is a qualitative research methodology that treats stories and life narratives as primary data, analyzing how individuals construct meaning and identity through storytelling. Developed by D. Jean Clandinin and F. Michael Connelly (2000), narrative inquiry examines the narratives people tell about their lives, experiences, and transitions, understanding that people make sense of experience through narrative.