قارن الطرق

	مؤشر الاستجابة الشخصية	مقياس رأس المال الاجتماعي
المجال	علم النفس الاجتماعي	علم النفس الاجتماعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1980	2000
صاحب الطريقة	Mark H. Davis	Robert D. Putnam, Jill Onyx, and Paul Bullen
النوع	Self-report Likert scale	Self-report Likert scale
المصدر التأسيسي	Davis, M. H. (1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 10, 85.	Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster.
الأسماء البديلة	IRI	SCS
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is a 28-item self-report measure developed by Mark H. Davis in 1980 to assess individual differences in empathy as a multidimensional construct. Rather than treating empathy as a single trait, the IRI measures four distinct empathic dimensions: perspective-taking, fantasy, empathic concern, and personal distress. It has become the most widely used multidimensional empathy measure in psychological and social science research.	The Social Capital Scale is a self-report measure designed to assess the presence and extent of social capital in individuals and communities. Building on Robert D. Putnam's influential work on social capital as shared norms, networks, and reciprocity, the scale measures dimensions of social connection, participation in community life, and access to social resources. Multiple versions exist, including the scale developed by Onyx and Bullen (2000) with community-level validation.