قارن الطرق

	Intergroup Threat Scale	Authoritarian Dynamic Measurement
المجال	علم النفس السياسي	علم النفس السياسي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1999	2005
صاحب الطريقة	Walter G. Stephan & Cookie White Stephan	Karen Stenner & Stanley Feldman
النوع	Self-report attitude scale	Self-report predisposition measure
المصدر التأسيسي	Stephan, W. G., Ybarra, O., & Bachman, G. (1999). Prejudice toward immigrants. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(11), 2221-2237.	Stenner, K. (2005). The authoritarian dynamic. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521534789
الأسماء البديلة	Integrated Threat Scale, Realistic and Symbolic Threat Scale, Perceived Threat Scale	Child-Rearing Authoritarianism Scale, Stenner Authoritarianism Measure, Authoritarian Predisposition Scale
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Intergroup Threat Scale operationalizes intergroup (originally integrated) threat theory (Stephan & Stephan), which holds that prejudice toward an out-group arises from perceived realistic threats (to the in-group's resources, power, or welfare) and symbolic threats (to its values, beliefs, and worldview). It is a self-report measure widely used to explain attitudes toward immigrants and other out-groups in political psychology.	The authoritarian-dynamic approach, developed by Stenner (2005) and Feldman (2003), measures authoritarianism as a latent predisposition toward favoring social conformity and order over individual autonomy and difference, typically assessed with four forced-choice child-rearing values items rather than attitude statements. Its distinctive claim is that intolerance is a dynamic product of this predisposition interacting with perceived normative threat.