قارن الطرق

	لجنة مراجعة المؤسسات	تقرير بلمونت
المجال	أخلاقيات البحث	أخلاقيات البحث
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1974	1979
صاحب الطريقة	U.S. Federal Requirement (National Research Act 1974); International adoption by WMA and research institutions globally	National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (US DHEW)
النوع	Standard	Framework
المصدر التأسيسي	U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 45, Part 46: Protection of Human Subjects. Office of the Federal Register.	National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (1979). The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
الأسماء البديلة	IRB, Research Ethics Committee, REC	Belmont Principles, Three Ethical Principles
ذات صلة	4	5
الملخص	The Institutional Review Board (IRB) is the independent ethics committee established at research institutions to review and approve human subjects research, ensuring compliance with ethical principles and federal regulations. Created as a legal requirement by the U.S. National Research Act (1974) and now adopted globally, the IRB serves as the primary mechanism for protecting research subjects while enabling legitimate research to proceed. No human subjects research can begin without IRB approval.	The Belmont Report (1979) is the foundational US ethical framework for human subjects research, established by the National Commission following the Tuskegee Syphilis Study scandal. It articulates three core principles—Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice—that form the basis for institutional review and regulatory oversight of human research globally. Every researcher conducting human studies must understand and apply these principles.