قارن الطرق

	Input-Output Analysis	Social Accounting Matrix
المجال	الاقتصاد	الاقتصاد
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1936	1962
صاحب الطريقة	Wassily Leontief	Richard Stone; popularized by Graham Pyatt & Jeffery Round
النوع	Linear inter-industry accounting and impact model	Comprehensive, square, double-entry accounting framework
المصدر التأسيسي	Leontief, W. W. (1936). Quantitative input and output relations in the economic system of the United States. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 18(3), 105–125.	Pyatt, G., & Round, J. I. (Eds.). (1985). Social Accounting Matrices: A Basis for Planning. Washington, DC: The World Bank. ISBN: 9780821305508
الأسماء البديلة	Leontief Model, Inter-Industry Analysis, I-O Analysis, Input-Output Model	SAM, Social Accounting Framework, SAM Multiplier Model
ذات صلة	4	3
الملخص	Input-output analysis is a quantitative framework for representing the interdependence between the industries of an economy, introduced by Wassily Leontief in 1936. It records the flows of goods and services between sectors in a transactions table, derives fixed technical coefficients describing how much each industry buys from every other industry per unit of output, and inverts the resulting linear system to trace how an exogenous change in final demand ripples through the entire production structure.	A social accounting matrix (SAM) is a square, double-entry table that records all transactions among the production sectors, factors of production, institutions (households, firms, government), and the rest of the world in an economy for a given year. It extends the input-output table by closing the circular flow of income — connecting how value added becomes factor income, factor income becomes household income, and household income becomes demand — so that every account's receipts (its row) exactly equal its expenditures (its column).