قارن الطرق

	اختبار ت للعينات المستقلة	اختبار مان-ويتني يو (Mann-Whitney U test)
المجال	الإحصاء	الإحصاء
العائلة	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سنة النشأة	1908	1947
صاحب الطريقة	Student (W. S. Gosset)	H. B. Mann & D. R. Whitney
النوع	Parametric mean comparison	Nonparametric two-group comparison
المصدر التأسيسي	Student (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.	Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60.
الأسماء البديلة	student t-test, two-sample t-test, unpaired t-test, bağımsız örneklem t-testi	Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Testi
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The independent samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two independent groups to decide whether they differ significantly. It builds on the t-distribution introduced by Student (W. S. Gosset) in 1908 and assumes the measured values are continuous, approximately normally distributed, and have equal variances.	The Mann-Whitney U test is the nonparametric alternative to the independent samples t-test, comparing two independent groups by ranking all observations together rather than relying on their means. It was introduced by H. B. Mann and D. R. Whitney in 1947 and does not require the data to be normally distributed.