قارن الطرق

	اختبار "ت" للعينات المستقلة	اختبار ت للعينات المزدوجة
المجال	الإحصاء	الإحصاء
العائلة	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سنة النشأة	1908	1908
صاحب الطريقة	Student (W. S. Gosset)	Student (W. S. Gosset)
النوع	Parametric mean comparison	Parametric mean comparison
المصدر التأسيسي	Student (W. S. Gosset) (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.	Student (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.
الأسماء البديلة	two-sample t-test, unpaired t-test, Student t-test, independent groups t-test	dependent t-test, matched pairs t-test, repeated measures t-test, within-subjects t-test
ذات صلة	4	3
الملخص	The independent samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that determines whether the means of two independent, unrelated groups differ significantly on a continuous outcome variable. Derived from Gosset's 1908 t-distribution, it is one of the most widely used inferential tests in social, behavioral, biomedical, and experimental sciences.	The paired samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two related measurements from the same subjects or matched pairs to determine whether the average difference is significantly different from zero. It leverages the dependency between observations to produce a more powerful test than its independent-samples counterpart.