قارن الطرق

	معامل التأثير المرجعي (Journal Impact Factor)	PubMed و MEDLINE
المجال	القياسات الببليومترية	القياسات الببليومترية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1955	1966
صاحب الطريقة	Eugene Garfield, Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)	National Library of Medicine (NLM), U.S. National Institutes of Health
النوع	Metric	Database
المصدر التأسيسي	Garfield, E. (1972). Citation analysis as a tool in journal evaluation. Science, 178(4060), 471-479.	National Library of Medicine. (2024). PubMed: Home. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
الأسماء البديلة	IF, JIF, Impact Factor, 2-year Impact Factor	PubMed, MEDLINE, NLM, PubMed Central
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	Journal Impact Factor (JIF) is a metric developed by Eugene Garfield in 1955 and published annually by Clarivate Analytics through Journal Citation Reports (JCR). It measures the average citation frequency of articles published in a journal over a two-year window, serving as a proxy for journal prestige and influence. A journal's Impact Factor equals the number of citations received in year Y to articles published in Y-1 and Y-2, divided by the number of citable items published in that same window. Despite widespread adoption in research evaluation, Impact Factor has significant limitations and critics argue it conflates journal prestige with article quality.	PubMed is a free, publicly accessible literature database maintained by the National Library of Medicine (NLM), a division of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. It provides access to biomedical and life sciences literature from MEDLINE (the curated subset of ~30 million indexed journal articles), life science journals, in-process articles, and preprints. MEDLINE, established in 1966, is the gold standard for biomedical literature indexing, using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), a hierarchical controlled vocabulary of ~33,000 terms. PubMed is the primary discovery tool for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals worldwide seeking evidence-based information.