قارن الطرق

	تحليل شجرة الأحداث الهجين	تحليل شجرة الأعطال (FTA)
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	الموثوقية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1990s–2000s (as extensions to classical ETA developed from the 1960s)	1981
صاحب الطريقة	Multiple contributors; hybrid extensions emerged from the reliability and safety engineering community	Vesely et al. (US NRC Fault Tree Handbook)
النوع	Probabilistic risk and safety assessment technique	Deductive top-down failure analysis
المصدر التأسيسي	Bedford, T., & Cooke, R. (2001). Probabilistic Risk Analysis: Foundations and Methods. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521773201	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook (NUREG-0492). U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
الأسماء البديلة	Hybrid ETA, Integrated Event Tree Analysis, Combined Event Tree Analysis, Fuzzy-Bayesian Event Tree Analysis	FTA, Fault Tree Method, Top-Down Reliability Analysis, Hata Ağacı Analizi
ذات صلة	6	3
الملخص	Hybrid Event Tree Analysis (Hybrid ETA) extends classical Event Tree Analysis by integrating complementary methods — such as Bayesian networks, fuzzy set theory, or Monte Carlo simulation — to overcome ETA's limitations in handling uncertainty, dependency between events, and sparse data. It is applied in safety-critical industries to model accident sequences and quantify outcome probabilities with greater fidelity than standalone ETA.	Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a top-down, deductive reliability method that begins with an undesired top-level failure event and systematically traces backward through chains of contributing causes using Boolean logic gates (AND, OR). First formalized by Watson at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1961 and later standardized by Vesely, Goldberg, Roberts, and Haasl in the landmark 1981 NRC Fault Tree Handbook, FTA has become a cornerstone of quantitative risk assessment in nuclear, aerospace, and industrial safety engineering.