قارن الطرق

	تحليل شجرة الأحداث الهجين	تحليل نمط الفشل وتأثيراته (FMEA)
المجال	التصميم التجريبي	التصميم التجريبي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1990s–2000s (as extensions to classical ETA developed from the 1960s)	1949 (military); widespread industrial adoption 1970s–1980s
صاحب الطريقة	Multiple contributors; hybrid extensions emerged from the reliability and safety engineering community	U.S. Military / NASA (formalized by MIL-P-1629, 1949)
النوع	Probabilistic risk and safety assessment technique	Proactive risk analysis technique
المصدر التأسيسي	Bedford, T., & Cooke, R. (2001). Probabilistic Risk Analysis: Foundations and Methods. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521773201	Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (2nd ed.). ASQ Quality Press. ISBN: 978-0873895989
الأسماء البديلة	Hybrid ETA, Integrated Event Tree Analysis, Combined Event Tree Analysis, Fuzzy-Bayesian Event Tree Analysis	FMEA, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMECA, Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis
ذات صلة	6	6
الملخص	Hybrid Event Tree Analysis (Hybrid ETA) extends classical Event Tree Analysis by integrating complementary methods — such as Bayesian networks, fuzzy set theory, or Monte Carlo simulation — to overcome ETA's limitations in handling uncertainty, dependency between events, and sparse data. It is applied in safety-critical industries to model accident sequences and quantify outcome probabilities with greater fidelity than standalone ETA.	Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a structured, proactive risk management technique used to identify potential failure modes in a system, process, or product design, evaluate their consequences, and prioritize corrective actions before failures occur. Originally developed for the U.S. military in 1949 and later adopted by NASA, automotive, and manufacturing industries, FMEA is now a cornerstone quality-engineering tool embedded in standards such as AIAG-VDA and ISO 9001-aligned processes.