قارن الطرق

	HSQC	COSY
المجال	علم الطيف	علم الطيف
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1980	1976
صاحب الطريقة	Anil Kumar	Wüthrich Kurt
النوع	Heteronuclear correlation sequence	Two-dimensional pulse sequence
المصدر التأسيسي	Bodenhausen, G., & Ruben, D. J. (1981). Natural abundance nitrogen-15 NMR by enhanced heteronuclear spectroscopy. Chemical Physics Letters, 69(2), 185-189.	Aue, W. P., Bartholdi, E., & Ernst, R. R. (1976). Two-dimensional spectroscopy. Application to nuclear magnetic resonance. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 64(5), 2229-2246.
الأسماء البديلة	HSQC NMR, 1H-13C HSQC, heteronuclear correlation	COSY NMR, 2D COSY, 1H-1H COSY
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Coherence (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that correlates proton and carbon-13 (or other heteronuclei) chemical shifts through one-bond coupling constants (1JHX). Developed in the early 1980s, HSQC rapidly became the workhorse of structural chemistry because it directly maps which carbons bear which protons, providing a comprehensive view of carbon skeleton connectivity and substitution patterns.	Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY) is a two-dimensional NMR technique that correlates proton chemical shifts through scalar coupling (J-coupling), revealing which protons are magnetically coupled and hence bonded through multiple bonds. Developed by Aue, Bartholdi, and Ernst in 1976, COSY became one of the most important tools in structural elucidation, enabling chemists to map out proton connectivity patterns and deduce molecular topology without isotopic labeling.