قارن الطرق

	اختبار HKA	مسح الاختيار (D لتـايجـمـا)
المجال	علم الوراثة	علم الوراثة
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1987	1989
صاحب الطريقة	Richard Hudson, Martin Kreitman & Montserrat Aguade	Fumio Tajima
النوع	Statistical test	Neutrality test
المصدر التأسيسي	Hudson, R. R., Kreitman, M., & Aguadé, M. (1987). A test of neutral molecular evolution based on nucleotide data. Genetics, 116(1), 153–159.	Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics, 123(3), 585–595.
الأسماء البديلة	HKA test, Polymorphism divergence test	Tajima's D test, Selective sweep analysis, Neutrality test
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Hudson-Kreitman-Aguade (HKA) test is a statistical method that tests for neutral evolution by comparing levels of within-population polymorphism and between-population divergence at multiple loci. Developed by Hudson, Kreitman, and Aguade in 1987, this test uses the principle that neutral loci should show expected relationships between polymorphism and divergence. Loci deviating from these relationships are candidates for selection. The HKA test is particularly useful for detecting selection in genome-wide surveys because it uses relative comparisons across loci rather than requiring external calibration.	Tajima's D is a statistical test designed to detect selective sweeps—recent, rapid fixation of advantageous mutations—from patterns of genetic variation in DNA sequences. Developed by Fumio Tajima in 1989, this test measures deviations from neutrality by comparing different measures of DNA sequence diversity. A significant Tajima's D value indicates departure from neutral evolution, suggesting positive selection, population structure, or demographic events.