قارن الطرق

	مقياس الأبعاد المتعددة للتحكم الصحي (MHLC)	مقياس الاحتياجات النفسية الأساسية
المجال	السلوك الصحي	السلوك الصحي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1978	2003
صاحب الطريقة	Barbara S. Wallston, Kenneth A. Wallston, and Robert DeVellis	Martin Gagné, Edward L. Deci, and Richard M. Ryan
النوع	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
المصدر التأسيسي	Wallston, B. S., Wallston, K. A., & DeVellis, R. (1978). Development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scales. Health Education Monographs, 6(2), 160-170.	Gagné, M. (2003). The role of autonomy support and autonomy orientation in prosocial behavior engagement. Motivation and Emotion, 27(3), 199-223.
الأسماء البديلة	MHLC, Health Locus of Control	BPNQ, Basic Needs Scale
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) is an 18-item measure developed by Wallston, Wallston, and DeVellis (1978) to assess individual differences in health-related beliefs about the locus of control—that is, to whom or what people attribute responsibility for their health. The MHLC measures three dimensions: Internal control (belief that health is determined by one's own actions and responsibility), Powerful Others control (belief that health is determined by healthcare providers, family, or powerful authority figures), and Chance control (belief that health is determined by fate, luck, or uncontrollable events). These beliefs profoundly influence health behavior engagement, treatment adherence, and response to health information. The MHLC is widely used in health behavior research, patient education evaluation, and clinical practice to understand how beliefs about health control shape behavior and to tailor communication styles.	The Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire (BPNQ), developed by Gagné (2003) and grounded in Self-Determination Theory by Deci and Ryan, measures satisfaction of three fundamental human psychological needs: Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. According to Self-Determination Theory, these three needs are universally necessary for psychological health, well-being, and intrinsic motivation across all life domains. The 21-item BPNQ assesses the extent to which an individual perceives these needs are being met in their current context. It is widely used in research examining motivation, well-being, mental health, exercise engagement, work satisfaction, education, and psychotherapy effectiveness.