قارن الطرق

	منهج هارتري-فوك	نظرية الكثافة الوظيفية
المجال	الحوسبة الكمومية	الحوسبة الكمومية
العائلة	Machine learning	Machine learning
سنة النشأة	1928	1965
صاحب الطريقة	Douglas Hartree and Vladimir Fock	Walter Kohn
النوع	Electronic structure method	Electronic structure method
المصدر التأسيسي	Fock, V. (1930). Näherungsmethode zur Lösung des quantenmechanischen Mehrkörperproblems. Zeitschrift für Physik, 61, 126–148.	Kohn, W., Sham, L. J. (1965). Self-consistent equations including exchange and correlation effects. Physical Review, 140, A1133–A1138.
الأسماء البديلة	HF, self-consistent field	DFT, Kohn-Sham equations
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Hartree-Fock (HF) method is a foundational self-consistent field approach for solving the many-electron Schrödinger equation. Developed independently by Douglas Hartree and Vladimir Fock in the late 1920s, it approximates the ground state by assuming electrons move in an average field generated by all other electrons, enabling tractable quantum chemistry calculations.	Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a computational method for determining the properties of materials and molecules by modeling the ground state electron density. Developed by Walter Kohn and Lu Jeu Sham in the 1960s, DFT reduces the complexity of quantum chemistry from tracking individual electron coordinates to optimizing the total electron density, enabling efficient simulations of large molecular and condensed-matter systems.