قارن الطرق

	GPC/SEC	الغزل الكهربائي
المجال	المواد الحيوية	المواد الحيوية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1962	1934
صاحب الطريقة	Moore and Debye	Anton Formhals
النوع	Chromatographic analysis	Fiber fabrication process
المصدر التأسيسي	Striegel, A. M., Yau, W. W., Kirkland, J. J., & Bly, D. D. (2009). Modern size-exclusion liquid chromatography: practice and theory. John Wiley & Sons.	Formhals, A. (1934). Process and apparatus for preparing artificial threads. U.S. Patent 1,975,504.
الأسماء البديلة	size exclusion chromatography, molecular weight determination, polymer characterization	electrospun fiber production, electrostatic fiber spinning
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), also known as size exclusion chromatography (SEC), is an analytical technique for determining the molecular weight distribution (MWD) and average molecular weight (Mw, Mn) of polymers. The method separates polymer molecules by their hydrodynamic size as they pass through a porous chromatography column: larger molecules elute first (excluded from pores), while smaller molecules are retained longer. Developed by Moore and colleagues in the 1960s, GPC/SEC is now the standard method for characterizing polymer chains, assessing polymer degradation over time, and verifying batch consistency in biomaterial production.	Electrospinning is an electrostatic fiber fabrication process that uses a high electric field to draw polymer solutions or melts into nanoscale fibers. Developed by Anton Formhals in the 1930s and refined by researchers including Darrell Reneker in the 1990s, the technique has become foundational to biomaterials engineering, enabling the creation of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems.