قارن الطرق

	نموذج الخطأ المكاني العام (SEM)	نموذج دوربين المكاني العالمي (SDM)
المجال	التحليل المكاني	التحليل المكاني
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1988	2009
صاحب الطريقة	Luc Anselin	Durbin (1960); adapted to spatial context by LeSage & Pace (2009)
النوع	Spatial regression model	Spatial regression model
المصدر التأسيسي	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic Publishers. ISBN: 978-9024737322	LeSage, J. P., & Pace, R. K. (2009). Introduction to Spatial Econometrics. CRC Press / Taylor & Francis. ISBN: 978-1420064247
الأسماء البديلة	SEM, spatial error model, spatial error regression, global SEM	SDM, Spatial Durbin Model, global SDM, spatially lagged X model with spatial lag
ذات صلة	5	5
الملخص	The Global Spatial Error Model (SEM) is a spatial regression technique that accounts for spatially autocorrelated error terms using a single, globally constant spatial parameter. It separates genuine predictor effects from spatial nuisance dependence in the residuals, yielding unbiased and efficient coefficient estimates when spatial error correlation is present across all observations.	The Global Spatial Durbin Model extends the spatial lag model by including not only a spatially lagged dependent variable but also spatially lagged independent variables (WX). A single set of global coefficients applies uniformly across all locations, making it suitable for estimating average spillover effects when spatial dependence is pervasive throughout the study region.