قارن الطرق

	الارتباط التلقائي المكاني العام	مؤشر موران المحلي I (LISA)
المجال	التحليل المكاني	التحليل المكاني
العائلة	Regression model	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1950	1995
صاحب الطريقة	P. A. P. Moran (Moran's I, 1950); generalized by Luc Anselin	Luc Anselin
النوع	Spatial statistic / hypothesis test	Local spatial autocorrelation statistic
المصدر التأسيسي	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.	Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association—LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115.
الأسماء البديلة	global spatial dependence, global Moran's I, GSA, global spatial clustering measure	Local Indicator of Spatial Association, LISA statistic, Anselin Local Moran, local spatial autocorrelation index
ذات صلة	6	6
الملخص	Global Spatial Autocorrelation measures the degree to which similar values cluster together across an entire study area. Rather than identifying where clusters occur, it yields a single summary statistic — most commonly Moran's I — that quantifies whether spatial proximity coincides with value similarity, dissimilarity, or randomness across all observations simultaneously.	Local Moran's I, introduced by Luc Anselin in 1995, is a Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) that decomposes global spatial autocorrelation into location-specific contributions. For every observation it produces a signed statistic and a significance value, enabling researchers to identify spatial clusters (high-high, low-low) and spatial outliers (high-low, low-high) on a map.