قارن الطرق

	Gender Role Attitudes Scale	Modern Sexism Scale
المجال	Gender Studies	Gender Studies
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1997	1995
صاحب الطريقة	Lynda A. King & Daniel W. King	Janet K. Swim, Kathryn J. Aikin, Wayne S. Hall, and Barbara A. Hunter
النوع	Self-report attitude scale	Self-report attitude scale
المصدر التأسيسي	King, L. A., & King, D. W. (1997). Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale: Development, psychometric properties, and recommendations for future research. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(1), 71–87.	Swim, J. K., Aikin, K. J., Hall, W. S., & Hunter, B. A. (1995). Sexism and racism: Old-fashioned and modern prejudices. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(2), 199–214.
الأسماء البديلة	Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale, SRES, Gender Role Ideology Scale	MSS, Swim Modern Sexism Scale, Neosexism
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Gender role attitudes scales measure how egalitarian or traditional a person's beliefs are about the appropriate roles, rights, and behaviours of women and men. The best-validated example is the Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale (SRES) developed by Lynda and Daniel King in 1997, which assesses attitudes across marital, parental, employment, social-interpersonal, and educational domains. Such scales sit alongside the Attitudes Toward Women Scale as standard instruments for capturing gender ideology in social and psychological research.	The Modern Sexism Scale, developed by Janet Swim and colleagues in 1995, distinguishes between old-fashioned (blatant) sexism and modern (subtle) sexism, paralleling work on old-fashioned versus modern racism. The accompanying Old-Fashioned Sexism Scale captures openly endorsed beliefs in women's inferiority and prescribed traditional roles, while the Modern Sexism Scale captures covert sexism expressed through denial of continuing discrimination, antagonism toward women's demands, and resentment of policies perceived as special favours.