قارن الطرق

	Gender Role Attitudes Scale	Attitudes Toward Women Scale
المجال	Gender Studies	Gender Studies
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1997	1972
صاحب الطريقة	Lynda A. King & Daniel W. King	Janet T. Spence and Robert Helmreich
النوع	Self-report attitude scale	Self-report attitude scale
المصدر التأسيسي	King, L. A., & King, D. W. (1997). Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale: Development, psychometric properties, and recommendations for future research. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(1), 71–87.	Spence, J. T., & Helmreich, R. (1972). The Attitudes Toward Women Scale: An objective instrument to measure attitudes toward the rights and roles of women in contemporary society. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 2, 66–67.
الأسماء البديلة	Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale, SRES, Gender Role Ideology Scale	AWS, Spence-Helmreich AWS
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	Gender role attitudes scales measure how egalitarian or traditional a person's beliefs are about the appropriate roles, rights, and behaviours of women and men. The best-validated example is the Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale (SRES) developed by Lynda and Daniel King in 1997, which assesses attitudes across marital, parental, employment, social-interpersonal, and educational domains. Such scales sit alongside the Attitudes Toward Women Scale as standard instruments for capturing gender ideology in social and psychological research.	The Attitudes Toward Women Scale (AWS), developed by Janet Spence and Robert Helmreich in 1972, is a self-report Likert instrument that measures beliefs about the appropriate rights and roles of women in contemporary society. Respondents indicate their agreement with statements about vocational, educational, intellectual, marital, and social conduct expectations for women, yielding a single score that ranges from traditional and conservative to egalitarian and liberal.