قارن الطرق

	مؤشر المعيشة الوظيفية-السرطان (FLIC)	نظام تقييم أعراض إدمونتون (ESAS)
المجال	تمريض الأورام	تمريض الأورام
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1984	1991
صاحب الطريقة	Henning Schipper	Eduardo Bruera
النوع	Patient self-report functional living and quality-of-life scale	Patient self-report multisymptom palliative care scale
المصدر التأسيسي	Schipper, H., Clinch, J., & Olweny, C. L. M. (1996). Quality of life studies: definitions and conceptual issues. In B. Spilker (Ed.), Quality of life and pharmacoeconomics in clinical trials (pp. 11–23). Lippincott-Raven.	Bruera, E., Kuehn, N., Miller, M. J., Selmser, P., & Macmillan, K. (1991). The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS): a simple method for the assessment of palliative care patients. J Palliat Care, 7(2), 6–9.
الأسماء البديلة	FLIC, Functional Living Index–Cancer	ESAS, Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale
ذات صلة	4	4
الملخص	The Functional Living Index-Cancer is a 22-item patient self-report instrument that measures health-related quality of life in cancer patients across physical, social, emotional, and overall QoL domains. Developed by Schipper and colleagues in the mid-1980s, the FLIC was among the first disease-specific QoL instruments for cancer and served as a foundational model for subsequent comprehensive measures like the EORTC QLQ-C30, bridging early generic QoL concepts with cancer-specific measurement.	The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System is a rapid, validated 9-item tool that assesses the severity of common symptoms in cancer and palliative care patients: pain, tiredness, nausea, depression, anxiety, drowsiness, appetite loss, general well-being, and shortness of breath. Developed by Bruera and colleagues at the University of Alberta in 1991, the ESAS has become the standard symptom-screening instrument in oncology clinics, palliative care units, and end-of-life care settings worldwide, enabling efficient symptom prioritization and management escalation.