قارن الطرق

	أبحاث مجموعات التركيز	منهجية دلفي	النظرية المجذرة
المجال	نوعي	نوعي	البحث النوعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1940s (sociological origin); modern applied form from the 1980s–1990s	1963	1967
صاحب الطريقة	Robert K. Merton (sociological precursor, 1940s); popularised in applied research by Richard A. Krueger	Norman Dalkey & Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation)	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
النوع	Qualitative data collection method	Structured iterative expert-elicitation process	Method
المصدر التأسيسي	Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244	Dalkey, N. & Helmer, O. (1963). An Experimental Application of the Delphi Method to the Use of Experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458-467.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
الأسماء البديلة	focus group discussion, FGD, group interview, Odak Grup Araştırması	Delphi Yöntemi, Delphi technique, expert consensus method	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
ذات صلة	6	5	3
الملخص	Focus group research is a qualitative data-collection method in which a trained moderator guides structured discussions with homogeneous groups of six to ten participants to explore ideas, attitudes, and perceptions on a defined topic. Developed from sociological roots in the 1940s and systematised for applied research by Krueger and Casey, the method leverages group interaction as a data source — revealing not just what people think, but how they negotiate and articulate views in a social setting.	The Delphi method is a structured, iterative survey technique developed by Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer at the RAND Corporation in 1963 for eliciting and converging expert opinion on complex topics where empirical data are unavailable or insufficient. It collects independent judgements from a geographically dispersed expert panel over multiple anonymous rounds, feeding aggregated results back to participants after each round so they can revise their views in light of the group's collective position.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.