قارن الطرق

	أخذ العينات الحيوانية البؤرية	Equine Gait Analysis
المجال	العلوم البيطرية	العلوم البيطرية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1974	1990
صاحب الطريقة	Jeanne Altmann	Equine Veterinary Medicine Research Community
النوع	Behavioral Sampling Protocol	Observational and Instrumental Evaluation
المصدر التأسيسي	Altmann, J. (1974). Observational study of behavior: sampling methods. Behaviour, 49(3-4), 227-267.	Keegan, K. G., Dent, E. V., Balev, S. F., Bunch, P., Ellington, J. K., French, H., & Bennett, D. K. (2011). Equine movement: from structure to function. Equine Veterinary Journal, 43(3), 285-291.
الأسماء البديلة	FAS, focal sampling, behavior recording	lameness evaluation, motion analysis, stride assessment
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Focal Animal Sampling (FAS) is a systematic observational method in which an observer focuses on one individual animal at a time, recording its behavior continuously or at regular intervals for a fixed period. Introduced by Jeanne Altmann in 1974, FAS provides detailed, quantitative ethograms of individual behavior, making it essential for studying animal behavioral ecology, welfare, and responses to environmental changes.	Equine Gait Analysis is a systematic evaluation of a horse's movement patterns at walk, trot, and canter to detect lameness, asymmetry, and biomechanical dysfunction. Combining visual observation with increasingly sophisticated instrumental techniques (force plate analysis, kinematics, accelerometry), gait analysis is essential for diagnosing the causes of lameness, monitoring recovery from injury, and evaluating the safety and suitability of sport horses.