قارن الطرق

	ملاحظات ميدانية	بحث الحالة
المجال	منهجية المسح	نوعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	Late 19th century (formalized in 20th century)	1984 (seminal codification)
صاحب الطريقة	Rooted in 19th-century anthropology and sociology; systematized by ethnographers such as Bronislaw Malinowski and later Robert Emerson et al.	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)
النوع	Qualitative data collection and recording technique	Qualitative research design
المصدر التأسيسي	Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (1995). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226206813	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169
الأسماء البديلة	fieldnotes, observational notes, ethnographic notes, jottings	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology
ذات صلة	6	5
الملخص	Field notes are detailed written records created by researchers during or immediately after direct observation in a naturalistic setting. They capture what is seen, heard, and experienced — including behaviors, interactions, physical environments, and the researcher's own analytic impressions — forming the primary data source for ethnographic and observational studies.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.