قارن الطرق

	تحليل شجرة الأعطال (FTA)	تحليل الموثوقية الإحصائي
المجال	الموثوقية	الموثوقية
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Regression model
سنة النشأة	1981	1998
صاحب الطريقة	Vesely et al. (US NRC Fault Tree Handbook)	William Meeker & Luis Escobar
النوع	Deductive top-down failure analysis	Parametric lifetime modeling
المصدر التأسيسي	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook (NUREG-0492). U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.	Meeker, W. Q., & Escobar, L. A. (1998). Statistical Methods for Reliability Data. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-14328-4
الأسماء البديلة	FTA, Fault Tree Method, Top-Down Reliability Analysis, Hata Ağacı Analizi	Life Data Analysis, Survival Analysis (Engineering), Time-to-Failure Analysis, Güvenilirlik Analizi
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a top-down, deductive reliability method that begins with an undesired top-level failure event and systematically traces backward through chains of contributing causes using Boolean logic gates (AND, OR). First formalized by Watson at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1961 and later standardized by Vesely, Goldberg, Roberts, and Haasl in the landmark 1981 NRC Fault Tree Handbook, FTA has become a cornerstone of quantitative risk assessment in nuclear, aerospace, and industrial safety engineering.	Statistical reliability analysis models the time-to-failure of components, systems, or products using parametric lifetime distributions fitted to observed or censored failure data. Formalized comprehensively by William Q. Meeker and Luis A. Escobar in their 1998 Wiley monograph, the framework integrates maximum likelihood estimation, censoring mechanisms, and distributional diagnostics to produce probability-of-failure curves, hazard rates, and quantile estimates that support design, warranty, and maintenance decisions.