قارن الطرق

	جهاز تقييم الأسرة (FAD)	مقياس التكيف الثنائي (DAS)
المجال	علم النفس الاجتماعي	علم النفس الاجتماعي
العائلة	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سنة النشأة	1983	1976
صاحب الطريقة	Norman Epstein, Deborah Baldwin, and David Bishop	Graham B. Spanier
النوع	Self-report family assessment	Self-report questionnaire
المصدر التأسيسي	Epstein, N. B., Baldwin, L. M., & Bishop, D. S. (1983). The McMaster Family Assessment Device. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 9(2), 171-180.	Spanier, G. B. (1976). Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 38(1), 15-28.
الأسماء البديلة	FAD, McMaster Family Assessment Device	DAS, Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale
ذات صلة	3	3
الملخص	The Family Assessment Device is a widely used self-report instrument designed to measure family functioning across six key domains derived from the McMaster Model of Family Functioning. Developed by Epstein, Baldwin, and Bishop in 1983, the FAD assesses problem-solving, communication, roles, affective responsiveness, affective involvement, and behavioral control in families. It is used extensively in family therapy research, clinical assessment of family dynamics, and as an outcome measure in family-based interventions for mental health, medical, and developmental conditions.	The Dyadic Adjustment Scale is the most widely used self-report instrument for measuring the quality of relationships in married or cohabiting couples. Developed by Graham Spanier in 1976, it captures four fundamental dimensions of relationship functioning: consensus (agreement on key domains), satisfaction (contentment in the partnership), cohesion (togetherness and shared activities), and affectional expression (intimacy and passion). The DAS has become a gold standard in couple therapy research, relationship satisfaction studies, and marital intervention trials.